 The Children's Internet Protection Act
The American Library Association v. the United States of America
Useful Sources
Reports and Publications
- American Civil Liberties Union, Fahrenheit 451.2: Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet. (New York: ACLU, March 17, 1997).
- American Library Association, "Children's Internet Protection Act: CIPA Before the Supreme Court, ALA Briefs, ACLU Briefs, Government Briefs," (Chicago, IL: American Library Association, 2001-2003).
- American Library Association, Libraries and the Internet Toolkit: Tips and Guidance for Managing and Communicating about the Internet, (Chicago, IL: American Library Association, October, 2002).
- American Library Association, CIPA: Legal FAQs, (Chicago, IL: American Library Association, July 8, 2003).
- American Library Association, CIPA Questions and Answers, (Chicago, IL: American Library Association, July 16, 2003).
- American Library Association, E-Rate Task Force, "Sample RFI Questions," (2003).
- Association for Library Service to Children, "Intellectual Freedom for Children: The Censor is Coming," (Chicago, IL: American Library Association, Association for Library Service to Children, 2000).
- Auld, Skip, "Filters Work, Get Over It," American Libraries, v. 32, #2, (February 2003).
- Ayre, Lori Bowen, Internet Filtering Options Analysis: An Interim Report. Infopeople Project, May 2001.
- Ayre, Lori Bowen, Library Software Filters. libraryfiltering.org, 2004.
- Bocher, Bob, "A CIPA Toolkit," Library Journal, v. 128, # 13, (August 15, 2003).
- Bocher, Bob, "FAQ on E-rate Compliance with the Children's Internet Protection Act," Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction, (February 2004).
- Braun, Linda, Introducing the Internet to Young Learners: Ready-to-Go Activities and Lesson Plans, (New York: Neal-Schuman, 2001).
- Brief Amici Curiae of Partnership for Progress on the Digital Divide, et. al., in Support of Appellees: United States of America v. American Library Association, et. al., No 02-361, Supreme Court of the United States, brief filed February 10, 2003.
- Center for Democracy and Technology, "Preserving the Freedom to Read in an Era of Internet Filtering: Principles for the Implementation of CIPA-Mandated Filtering in Public Libraries" (Version 1.0) (Washington, D.C., Center for Democracy and Technology, January 2004).
- Chmara, Theresa, "Privacy and Confidentiality Issues in Providing Public Access to the Internet," Library Administration and Management, v. 15, #1, (Winter 2001): 20-22.
- Colorado State Library, Colorado Filtering Clearinghouse.
- Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility, Filtering FAQ: Version 1.2, (Palo Alto, CA: CPSR, 2001).
- Consortium for School Networking, Promoting Online Safety: The Home-School Partnership Toolkit, (Washington, DC: CoSN, May 2003).
- Corn-Revere, Robert, "United States v. American Library Association: A Missed Opportunity for the Supreme Court to Clarify Application of First Amendment Law to Publicly Funded Expressive Institutions," Cato Supreme Court Review, (2002-2003): 105-130.
- Cope, Sophia, The Children's Internet Protection Act: A Primer for Legislators, Policymakers, and Parents. (San Francisco, CA: Pacific Research Institute, March 2003).
- Crawford, Walt, "Coping with CIPA: A Censorware Special," Cites & Insights Vol. 3, # 9: Midsummer 2003.
- Curry, An and Ken Haycock, "Filtered or Unfiltered?" School Library Journal, vol. 47, #1 (January, 2001): 42-47.
- Digital Chaperones for Kids," Consumer Reports, (March 2001): 20-23.
- Edelman, Ben, Sites Blocked by Internet Filtering Programs: Expert Report for Multnomah County Public Library et al., vs. United States of America, et al. (Cambridge, MA: Ben Edelman, 2002).
- Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC), Faulty Filters: How Content Filters Block Access to Kid-Friendly Information on the Internet, (Washington, DC: EPIC, December 1997).
- Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC), Filters and Freedom 2.0: Free Speech Perspectives on Internet Content Controls, (Washington, DC: EPIC, 2001.)
- Finkelstein, Seth, DMCA Testimony on Censorware April 11, 2003.
- Free Expression Policy Project, Fact Sheet on Internet Filters, (New York: Free Expression Policy Project, July 2003).
- The Galicia Group, "Filtering Companies: Chart."
- Gardner, Carrie, "School Libraries and Filtering," Library Administration and Management, v. 15, #1, (Winter 2001): 23-25.
- GLAAD, Access Denied, Version 2.0, (Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation, 1999).
- Heins, Marjorie, "Identifying What is Harmful or Inappropriate for Minors: White Paper Submitted to the Committee on Tools and Strategies for Protecting Children From Pornography and Their Applicability to Other Inappropriate Internet Content," (New York: Free Expression Policy Project, National Coalition Against Censorship, 2001).
- Heins, Marjorie and Christina Cho, Internet Filters: A Public Policy Report, (New York: Free Expression Policy Project, Fall 2001).
- Heins, Marjorie, Not in Front of the Children: "Indecency," Censorship, and the Innocence of Youth, (New York: Hill and Wang, 2001).
- Hunter, Christoper D., Filtering the Future?: Software filters, Porn, PICS, and the Internet Content Conundrum, Master's Degree Thesis (Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsyvlania, Annenberg School for Communication, 1999).
- "The Internet and Our Children," (Chicago, IL: Illinois Library Association, February 2000).
- Jaeger, Paul T. and Charles R. McClure, "Potential Legal Challenges to the Application of the Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA) in Public Libraries: Strategies and Issues," First Monday, vol. 9, #2, (February 2004).
- Junion-Metz, Gail, Coaching Kids for the Internet: A Guide for Librarians, Teachers, and Parents (El Dorado Hills, CA: Library Solutions Press, 2000).
- Kaiser Family Foundation, Generation Rx.com: How Young People Use the Internet for Health Information, (Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation, December 2001).
- Kranich, Nancy, "Assessing Internet Access: The Public Library Meets the First Amendment in the Information Age," Media Studies Journal, (Fall 2000): 42-45; Adobe Reader pps. 53-56.
- Kranich, Nancy, "Libraries, Democracy, and Online Access," American Libraries, 32, #5 (May 2001): 7.
- Kranich, Nancy, "Why Filters Won't Protect Children or Adults," Library Administration and Management, vol. 17, #4, (Winter 2003): 29-35.
- Kretchmer, Susan B., "The Library Internet Access Controversy and Democracy," Libraries and Democracy: the Cornerstones of Liberty, edited by Nancy Kranich (Chicago: American Library Association, 2001): 96-107.
- Kretchmer, Susan B., and Rod Carveth, "Challenging Boundaries for a Boundless Medium: Information Access, Libraries, and Freedom of Expression in a Democratic Society." and "Meeting the Challenge," in Thomas R. Hensely, ed., The Boundaries of Freedom of Expression and Order in American Democracy (Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 2001.
- "Libraries and the Internet: Are Filters Needed to Block Pornography?" The CQ Researcher, vol. 11, # 21, (June 1, 2001): 465-488.
- Maxwell, Nancy Kalikow, "Alternatives to Filters," Library Technology Reports, (March/April 2001).
- Minow, Mary, "Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA) — Legal Definitions of Child Pornography, Obscenity and 'Harmful to Minors'," LLRX.com, August 31, 2003
- Minow, Mary, "Lawfully Surfing the Net: Disabling Public Library Internet Filters to Avoid More Lawsuits in the United States," firstmonday.org, April 2004
- Morgan, Candace D. "Liability for Obscenity and Pornography in Providing Internet Access in the Library," Library Administration and Management, v. 15, #1, (Winter 2001): 17-19.
- The National Coalition Against Censorship, The Cyber-Library: Legal and Policy Issues Facing Public Libraries in the High-Tech Era, (New York: NCAC, 1999).
- National Research Council, "Tools and Strategies for Protecting Kids from Pornography and Their Applicability to Other Inappropriate Internet Content." (Washington, DC: National Research Council, 2001).
- Nunberg, Geoffrey, "The Internet Filter Farce: Why Blocking Software Doesn't--and Can't-Work as Promised," The American Prospect, 12, #1, (January 1-15, 2001: 28-33).
- Online Policy Group and the Electronic Freedom Foundation, Internet Blocking in Public Schools: A Study on Internet Access in Educational Institutions, (San Francisco, CA: Online Policy Group, June 2003).
- Richardson, Caroline and Paul Resnick, "See No Evil: How Internet Filters Affect the Search for Online Health Information," (study conducted for the Kaiser Family Foundation), Journal of the American Medical Association, vol. 288, #22: (December 11, 2002): 2887-2894.
- Schneider, Karen, "Filtering: No Easy Answers: Plain Facts About Internet Filtering Software," (Chicago, IL: American Library Association Public Library Association, 2001).
- Schneider, Karen, A Practical Guide to Internet Filters (New York: Neal Schuman, 1997).
- Smith, Mark, Managing the Internet Controversy, (New York: Neal-Schuman, 2001).
- Smith, Mark, Neal-Schuman Internet Policy Handbook for Libraries, (NY: Neal-Schuman, 1999).
- Sobel, David, "Internet Filters and Public Libraries," First Amendment Center First Reports, vol. 4, #2, (October 2003).
- Turow, Joseph, The Internet and the Family: The View From Parents/The View From the Press, (Philadelphia: Annenberg Public Policy Center of the U. of Pennsylvania, 1999).
- U.S. Children's Online Protection Act Commission, Final Report of the COPA Commission Presented to Congress, October 20, 2000, (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 2000).
- U.S. Department of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration. Children's Internet Protection Act: Study of Technology Protection Measures in Section 1703-Report to Congress. August 2003.
- U.S. District Court for Eastern Pennsylvania, American Library Association vs. the United States et. al. No. 01-1303: Opinion of the Court. (Philadelphia, PA, May 31, 2002).
- U.S. Supreme Court, United States et. al. v. American Library Association, Inc., et. al., No. 02-361, Syllabus and Opinion of the Court. Argued March 5, 2003-Decided June 23, 2003.
- Wallace, Jonathan D, and Mark Mangan, Sex, Laws, and Cyberspace: Freedom and Censorship on the Frontiers of the Online Revolution, (New York: Henry Holt and Co., 1997).
- WebJunction. WebJunction's Focus on CIPA. September 1, 2003.
- Weissman, Sara, "Filters: A Checklist for Product Selection,"; Public Libraries, vol. 42, #5, (September/October 2003): 279.
- Willard, Nancy, Computer Ethics, Etiquette, and Safety for the 21st Century Student, (Eugene, OR: International Society for Technology in Education 2001).
- Willard, Nancy, "The Constitutionality and Advisability of the Use of Commercial Filtering Software in U.S. Public Schools," (Eugene, OR: Responsible Netizen, 2002).
- Willard, Nancy, "Filtering the Internet," Education Week, vol. 21, #28, (March 27, 2002): 36, 39.
- Willard, Nancy, Filtering Software: The Religious Connection. (Eugene, OR: Responsible Netizen, February 24, 2002).
- Willard, Nancy, Responsible Use of the Internet by Students: A Children's InternetProtection Act Planning Guide. (Eugene, OR: Responsible Netizen, 2003).
- American Library Association, CIPA Web site; Office of Intellectual Freedom Web site; Washington Office E-Rate and Telecommunications Web site
- American Civil Liberties Union Privacy and Technology/Internet Free Speech Web site
- The Censorware Project Web site
- Center for Democracy and Technology Free Speech Web site
- The Electronic Frontier Foundation Filtering Web site
- Electronic Privacy Information Center Free Speech Web site (EPIC)
- Families Against Net Censorship Web site
- Free Expression Policy Project Internet Web site
- The Freedom to Read Foundation Web site
- National Coalition Against Censorship, Free Expression Policy Project Web site
- Peacefire Web site
- Responsible Netizen Project of the Center for Advanced Technology in Education of the University of Oregon College of Education
- Seth Finkelstein's Anticensorware Investigations
Guides to Cyberspace for Parents and Children
- American Library Association/American Association for School Libraries, AASL FamiliesConnect
- American Library Association/Association for Library Service to Children, Great Web Sites for Kids
- American Library Association, The Librarians Guide to Cyberspace for Parents and Kids
- Children's Partnership, Parent's Guide to the Information Superhighway, [available in English, Spanish and Italian] (Santa Monica, CA: The Children's Partnership, 1998)
- GetNetWise, Online Safety Guide. (Washington, DC: GetNetWise)
- GetNetWise, Reporting Trouble, (Washington, DC: GetNetWise)
- Magdid, Lawrence J. "Child Safety on the Information Highway," (Arlington, VA: National Center for Missing & Exploited Children, 1998)
- Magid, Lawrence J., Guidelines for Parents, (Madison, CT: Safekids.com, 1998)
- Magid, Lawrence, My Rules for Online Safety (Eugene OR: Eugene School District 4-J)
- The National Academies. NetSafeKids: A Resource for Concerned Parents.
- National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, Internet Safety Publications, (Arlington, VA: National Center for Missing and Exploited Children): 2003.
- National Center for Missing & Exploited Children. NetSmartz, (Arlington, VA: National Center for Missing & Exploited Children, 2001)
- National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, "Teen Safety on the Information Highway," [available in English and Spanish]
- Wired Safety Web site
- U. S Department of Justice, Youth Rules for Online Safety, (Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, 1999)
- Yahooligans, Safe Surfing with Your Family, (Sunnyvale, CA: Yahoo)
Profiltering/Content Rating Organizations
Links to non-ALA sites have been provided because these sites may have information of interest. Neither the American Library Association nor the Office for Intellectual Freedom necessarily endorses the views expressed or the facts presented on these sites; and furthermore, ALA and OIF do not endorse any commercial products that may be advertised or available on these sites.
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